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初中英语知识点总结下载

时间:2016-09-29 15:39:41 学习总结 我要投稿

初中英语知识点总结下载

  初中英语知识点总结【1】

初中英语知识点总结下载

  数词分为基数词和序数词两类,表示数量多少的数词是基数词,如one(一),two(二),seven(七)等,表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词,如the first(第一),the second(第二),the seventh(第七)。

  在对数词进行复习的时候,同学们首先要会读会写所有基数词和序数词,以及与数词有关的时间表达法。对数词的考查,中考常采用单选题及听力题。

  (一)、序数词一般由基数词加-th构成

  (二)、序数词的构成及用法:

  1、以下几个序数词较为特殊:

  first(第一)second(第二)third(第三)fifth(第五)

  eighth(第八)ninth(第九)twelfth(第十二)

  2、以-ty结尾的基数词变为序数词的构成方法是:先将十位整数的基数词尾的-ty变成-ti,然后再加-eth.

  如:twenty twentieth(第二十)

  eighty eightieth(第八十)

  3、基数词“几十几”变成序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词,十位不变。

  如:thirty-two thirty-second(第三十二)

  seventy-five seventy-fifth(第七十五)

  4、序数词的缩写形式,在阿拉伯数字后加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。

  如:fifth 5th second 2nd

  5、序数词前通常要用定冠词the。

  6、hundred,thousand,million,billion等词在构成具体的数字时用单数形式。只有在表达笼统的多数时才加s,构成复数形式,前面不能加具体的数字。

  如:three hundred seats三百个座位

  hundreds of数以百计的,成百上千的thousands of数以千计的,成千上万的

  millions of数百万的billions of数十亿的

  (三)与数词有关的时间表达法:

  1、钟点表示法:

  ①顺读法

  如:1:15 one fifteen 3:30 three thirty

  ②倒读法(用past/to表示)

  如:1:15 a quarter past one

  3:30 half past three

  7:56 four to eight

  ③表示钟点只用基数词,并且钟点前用介词at。

  2、日期表示法:

  ①英语中日期的`排列顺序是:星期、月、日、年

  如:2016年3月17日,星期一

  Monday,March the 17th,2016.

  ②在具体某一天前用介词on

  3、世纪、年代表示法

  (在)90年代(in)the nineties

  (在)19世纪(in)the nineteenth century

  (在)18世纪30年代(in)1730s或1730’s

  (四)、基数词常和一些计量类名词“单数”用“一”连在一起,构成复合形容词,修饰名词。

  如:a twelve-year-old boy一个十二岁的男孩a five-mile race一次五英里的赛跑今天的内容就介绍这里了。

  初中英语重点短语整理【2】

  1.put down放下shut down把…关上cut down砍掉

  come down下来、落下slow down减缓、放慢sit down坐下

  write down写下get down下来,降落

  2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地

  one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后the day after tomorrow后天

  3.come up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up弄醒、醒来

  send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大

  pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光

  clean up打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事

  4.arrive at/in+n.到达get to+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达

  5.get…back退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来

  at the back of在…的后面on the way(back)home在回家路上

  6.at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作588.es

  be good at=do well in善长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初

  at night在晚上at noon中午at the age of//when sb.was…years old在…岁时at last/in the end/finally最后、终于at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初

  at the end of在…终点、结尾at the moment/now现在at the foot of在…脚下at Christmas在圣诞节at any moment任何时候at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔at the doctor’s在医务室be bad at不善长

  7.for example例如for ever永远be good for对…有益be bad for对…有害for long=for a long time长期for short简称be short for是…的简称

  TV is short for“television”

  8.come true实现come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于

  come in/into进入,进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来

  9.even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管

  10.be pleased with对…感到满意be covered with被…覆盖

  be expected to do sth.被期望做某事be proud of以…自豪

  speak highly of称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of=a lot of许多

  11.by the way顺便说by oneself单独,独自by the end of到…为至

  by the time(引起时间状语从句)到…的时候one by one依次

  by air/plane乘飞机by bus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车

  (catch a bus赶公交车get on/off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to…by bus乘车去)

  12.do/try one’s best尽力do one’s homework做家庭作业do(the/some)shopping购物

  do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫

  do the/some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb/sth.处理well done干得好

  13.early in the morning一大早in the early spring初春in my early days我幼年时期early bus早班车

  14.make a contribution to贡献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb./ring sb.up/give sb.a call/phone sb.给某人打电话connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to靠近(某地)

  give birth to生(孩子)lose to sb输给sb.

  15.either…or…或者…或者..on either side of the stree t街道任何一边

  (on each side of the street街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)

  16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keep on doing sth.坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事

  finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)

  17.go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事)go straight along沿着…一直往前走

  go down下降,go for a walk散,go over复习go shopping买东西,go to the cinema去看电影

  go well进展顺利,go off to动身前往,go out外出,go to work去上班,go up上升,

  want a go想试一试

  18.think about考虑(think of认为、想起、考虑、想到think over仔细考虑think out想出)

  talk about谈论,worry about担心,How/What about…?…怎么样?

  19.borrow…from…从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)from door to door挨家挨,

  from time to time时时from now on从今以后from then on从那以后

  be different from与…不同learn…from…向…学习

  20.get dressed穿衣get into进入get/be lost丢失get off/on下/上车

  get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从…出来get ready for+n.为…做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡(be asleep睡着)get warm变暧get well康复get a chance有机会、得到机会

  21.look for寻找wait for等候look after=take care of照看look like看起来像

  look over检查,复习look out小心,从里向外看look the same看起来一样

  look up向上看,查单词,look around环视look forward to期望look through温习,检查

  22.set off出发、动身put off推迟keep off避开、不靠近…drop off放下(某物)

  turn off关jump off跳离,take off脱(衣)(飞机)起飞

  23.half a kilo半千克half an hour半小时in half分成两半half of the day半天

  24.do eye exercises做眼保健操do morning exercises做早操

  take(more)exercise(多)参加体育锻炼an exercise book练习本588.es

  25.take part in参加hand in上交in hospital住院in surprise吃惊地in the sun在阳光下in trouble处于困境in a minute/moment马上

  26.leave for…动身去某地

  27.feed on以…为主食live on继续活着base on以…为根据carry on坚持、继续下去and so on等等on the other hand另一方面on foot步行

  28.be famous for以..著名be excited about+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋be interested in对…感兴趣be born出生be busy with sth.—be busy doing sth.忙于…be amazed at对..感到惊讶

  29.make sure确信make a dialogue编对话make a mistake犯错误by mistake由于疏忽make a noise吵闹make faces做鬼脸make friends(with)和..交朋友make room for给..让地方make tea沏茶make money赚钱make a decision作出决定

  30.used to do sth过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

  31.forget to do sth.忘记做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事

  decide to do sth.决定做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事

  32.hear sb.to do(doing)sth.听见某人做某事

  33.help sb.(to)do sth.//help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事with one’s help在某人的帮助下with pleasure乐意

  34.in the first第一for the first time第一次at first起初a firs t language母语first of all首先

  35.leave a message for sb.给某人留条give/take sb.a message给某人捎口信

  36.take photos/pictures照像take away拿走take out取出work out算出

  take care当心take medicine服药take one’s temperature量体温

  take one’s time别着急take a walk散步take place发生

  37.learn by oneself/teach oneself自学learn by heart背熟

  38.have a try尝试,努力try out尝试、试验find out/about找出,查明have a good/wonderful/great/time玩得开心have a(bad)cold(重)感冒have a meeting/walk/watch开会/散步/比赛have sports进行体育活动

  have nothing/sth.to do with与..无(有)关have no idea不知道

  have(one’s)medicine服药

  39.win first prize获一等奖

  40.all over the world=around the world=throughout the world全世界

  41.all kinds of各种各样的

  42.neither…nor既不…也不…

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